Bread is a staple food in France.
The typical loaf of French bread is called "une baguette", which
means stick or wand. It is about 60 cm long and weighs 500 grammes. The weight and price of bread is government controlled.
French
people like their bread crusty, and this shape of loaf offers the maximum
amount of crust to bread. You can see in the photos that bread comes in many shapes, sizes and textures in France.

French bread contains no fat, so it
becomes stale very quickly. Bread is eaten at all three
meals, and forms the most important part of breakfast.
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People expect their bread to be fresh. This is why people visit the local "Boulangerie" (hot bread shop) at least once a day.
When in France, you will often see people
walking the streets with their baguette under their arm
racing to get home for lunch at midday. |
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Often they will ride bikes, mopeds or motorbikes with baguettes strapped to the
back. |
Boule: |
A
round loaf sold in various sizes. |
Ficelle: |
A
very thin version of the baguette. Ficelle means string in French. |
Fougasse: |
A
flat rectangular savoury bread often filled with bacon, onion or herbs. |
Gros
pain |
A
large family size version of a baguette. |
Pain
de campagne: |
This
is usually a big rustic loaf (campagne means country) with a thick
crust. |
Pain
complet: |
Loaf
made from whole wheat flour. |
Pain
de mie: |
Mie
means the interior. This is a soft sweet loaf mainly used for
sandwiches. |
Pain
aux noix: |
Bread
filled with nuts. |
Pain
aux raisins: |
A
light bread filled with raisins. A breakfast treat. |
Pain
de siegle: |
Loaf
with two thirds rye flour, one third wheat flour. |
Pain
viennois: |
A
baguette shape but softer and sweeter. |
Les croissants.
Most people would consider croissants to be
part of a typical French Breakfast. It is important to remember that
croissants are a special treat and are often purchased only for
Sundays or special occasions. Amazingly, while the "croissant" represents France for most of us, it wasn't invented in France!
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Everyone's favourite, the croissant |
The French word "croissant"
means "crescent" in English. Here is how this yummy pastry got its shape and its name!
This delicious breakfast treat
was invented about three hundred years ago, not in France, but in
Austria. At that time, the armies of the Ottoman Empire or Turkey (whose symbol was a crescent)
were attacking Vienna, the capital of Austria.
In a hard fought battle,
the Austrian armies defeated the forces of the Ottoman Empire. To
celebrate, the French chef employed by the Emperor of Austria decided
to make a pastry in the shape of a crescent. When this was eaten,
it would become a symbol of the way in which the Austrian forces
had consumed their enemies. On his eventual return
to France, the chef introduced the pastry to the French who immediately
made it very popular.
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